Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of up to 2,000 kg; includes suborbital and near-space vehicles; includes entry and landing systems
Medium Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 2,000 _ 20,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 20,000 _ 50,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Super Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 50,000 kg and above; includes entry and landing systems
Brokerage
Access to launches based on the manifests of multiple providers; may also assist with regulatory adherence and payload integration
Spaceport Operations
Launch infrastructure and logistics
Earth Observation
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is remote sensing; includes data, analytics, and software products
Communications
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is communication; includes data, analytics, and software products
Position, Navigation, & Timing (PNT)
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is PNT; includes data, analytics, and software products
Manufacturing & Components
Design and/or manufacture of satellite(s) and/or components, including operating software
Operations & Ground Segments
Third party operators of satellite(s); ground operations (gateways and terminals) that receive signals from satellite(s)
Scientific Research & Platforms
Microgravity research, science instruments, observatories, in-situ instruments and sensors; computation and modelling
Culture & Design
Consumer products for the promotion of space
Early Development & Training
Educational programs using space hardware and/or data
Energy Generation, Distribution, & Storage
Energy with in-space applications. Storage and transfer, at an industrial level, in any medium
Extractives
Prospecting and mining of resources in space, including the surfaces of asteroids
Manufacturing, Construction, & Maintenance
In-space manufacturing and construction, using resources sourced terrestrially or in space. Includes collection, processing, and reuse or disposal of waste materials
Space Situational Awareness (SSA)
Information delivery regarding the space environment, particularly hazards to both in-orbit and ground infrastructure
Debris Mitigation
Solutions to mitigate debris from the mass of defunct, artificially created objects in space, including old satellites and spent rocket stages, as well as the fragments from their disintegration and collisions
On-Orbit Servicing
Spacecraft refueling and repairs
Habitats
Design, construction, and operations of facilities intended to support life for short and long-term periods
Spacesuits
Design and/or manufacture of suits designed for both Inter-Vehicular Activities and Extra-Vehicular Activities (IVA and EVA)
Spaceflight Training
Training conducted terrestrially, but designed to prepare participants for in-space travel and living
Landers & Rovers
Robotics developed for use on other celestial bodies
Deep Space Satellites
Comms, PNT, and Remote Sensing satellites designed for missions beyond Earth orbit
Deep Space Communications
Comms across deep-space networks, or point-to-point comms between two in-space spacecraft; includes internet access for viewership in-space
Deep Space Position, Navigation, & Timing
Relative and proximity navigation, onboard auto navigation and maneuver, timekeeping and time distribution
Satellites
Small Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of up to 2,000 kg; includes suborbital and near-space vehicles; includes entry and landing systems
Medium Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 2,000 _ 20,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 20,000 _ 50,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Super Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 50,000 kg and above; includes entry and landing systems
Brokerage
Access to launches based on the manifests of multiple providers; may also assist with regulatory adherence and payload integration
Spaceport Operations
Launch infrastructure and logistics
Earth Observation
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is remote sensing; includes data, analytics, and software products
Communications
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is communication; includes data, analytics, and software products
Position, Navigation, & Timing (PNT)
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is PNT; includes data, analytics, and software products
Manufacturing & Components
Design and/or manufacture of satellite(s) and/or components, including operating software
Operations & Ground Segments
Third party operators of satellite(s); ground operations (gateways and terminals) that receive signals from satellite(s)
Scientific Research & Platforms
Microgravity research, science instruments, observatories, in-situ instruments and sensors; computation and modelling
Culture & Design
Consumer products for the promotion of space
Early Development & Training
Educational programs using space hardware and/or data
Energy Generation, Distribution, & Storage
Energy with in-space applications. Storage and transfer, at an industrial level, in any medium
Extractives
Prospecting and mining of resources in space, including the surfaces of asteroids
Manufacturing, Construction, & Maintenance
In-space manufacturing and construction, using resources sourced terrestrially or in space. Includes collection, processing, and reuse or disposal of waste materials
Space Situational Awareness (SSA)
Information delivery regarding the space environment, particularly hazards to both in-orbit and ground infrastructure
Debris Mitigation
Solutions to mitigate debris from the mass of defunct, artificially created objects in space, including old satellites and spent rocket stages, as well as the fragments from their disintegration and collisions
On-Orbit Servicing
Spacecraft refueling and repairs
Habitats
Design, construction, and operations of facilities intended to support life for short and long-term periods
Spacesuits
Design and/or manufacture of suits designed for both Inter-Vehicular Activities and Extra-Vehicular Activities (IVA and EVA)
Spaceflight Training
Training conducted terrestrially, but designed to prepare participants for in-space travel and living
Landers & Rovers
Robotics developed for use on other celestial bodies
Deep Space Satellites
Comms, PNT, and Remote Sensing satellites designed for missions beyond Earth orbit
Deep Space Communications
Comms across deep-space networks, or point-to-point comms between two in-space spacecraft; includes internet access for viewership in-space
Deep Space Position, Navigation, & Timing
Relative and proximity navigation, onboard auto navigation and maneuver, timekeeping and time distribution
Information & Research
Small Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of up to 2,000 kg; includes suborbital and near-space vehicles; includes entry and landing systems
Medium Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 2,000 _ 20,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 20,000 _ 50,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Super Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 50,000 kg and above; includes entry and landing systems
Brokerage
Access to launches based on the manifests of multiple providers; may also assist with regulatory adherence and payload integration
Spaceport Operations
Launch infrastructure and logistics
Earth Observation
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is remote sensing; includes data, analytics, and software products
Communications
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is communication; includes data, analytics, and software products
Position, Navigation, & Timing (PNT)
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is PNT; includes data, analytics, and software products
Manufacturing & Components
Design and/or manufacture of satellite(s) and/or components, including operating software
Operations & Ground Segments
Third party operators of satellite(s); ground operations (gateways and terminals) that receive signals from satellite(s)
Scientific Research & Platforms
Microgravity research, science instruments, observatories, in-situ instruments and sensors; computation and modelling
Culture & Design
Consumer products for the promotion of space
Early Development & Training
Educational programs using space hardware and/or data
Energy Generation, Distribution, & Storage
Energy with in-space applications. Storage and transfer, at an industrial level, in any medium
Extractives
Prospecting and mining of resources in space, including the surfaces of asteroids
Manufacturing, Construction, & Maintenance
In-space manufacturing and construction, using resources sourced terrestrially or in space. Includes collection, processing, and reuse or disposal of waste materials
Space Situational Awareness (SSA)
Information delivery regarding the space environment, particularly hazards to both in-orbit and ground infrastructure
Debris Mitigation
Solutions to mitigate debris from the mass of defunct, artificially created objects in space, including old satellites and spent rocket stages, as well as the fragments from their disintegration and collisions
On-Orbit Servicing
Spacecraft refueling and repairs
Habitats
Design, construction, and operations of facilities intended to support life for short and long-term periods
Spacesuits
Design and/or manufacture of suits designed for both Inter-Vehicular Activities and Extra-Vehicular Activities (IVA and EVA)
Spaceflight Training
Training conducted terrestrially, but designed to prepare participants for in-space travel and living
Landers & Rovers
Robotics developed for use on other celestial bodies
Deep Space Satellites
Comms, PNT, and Remote Sensing satellites designed for missions beyond Earth orbit
Deep Space Communications
Comms across deep-space networks, or point-to-point comms between two in-space spacecraft; includes internet access for viewership in-space
Deep Space Position, Navigation, & Timing
Relative and proximity navigation, onboard auto navigation and maneuver, timekeeping and time distribution
Media & Education
Small Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of up to 2,000 kg; includes suborbital and near-space vehicles; includes entry and landing systems
Medium Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 2,000 _ 20,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 20,000 _ 50,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Super Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 50,000 kg and above; includes entry and landing systems
Brokerage
Access to launches based on the manifests of multiple providers; may also assist with regulatory adherence and payload integration
Spaceport Operations
Launch infrastructure and logistics
Earth Observation
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is remote sensing; includes data, analytics, and software products
Communications
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is communication; includes data, analytics, and software products
Position, Navigation, & Timing (PNT)
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is PNT; includes data, analytics, and software products
Manufacturing & Components
Design and/or manufacture of satellite(s) and/or components, including operating software
Operations & Ground Segments
Third party operators of satellite(s); ground operations (gateways and terminals) that receive signals from satellite(s)
Scientific Research & Platforms
Microgravity research, science instruments, observatories, in-situ instruments and sensors; computation and modelling
Culture & Design
Consumer products for the promotion of space
Early Development & Training
Educational programs using space hardware and/or data
Energy Generation, Distribution, & Storage
Energy with in-space applications. Storage and transfer, at an industrial level, in any medium
Extractives
Prospecting and mining of resources in space, including the surfaces of asteroids
Manufacturing, Construction, & Maintenance
In-space manufacturing and construction, using resources sourced terrestrially or in space. Includes collection, processing, and reuse or disposal of waste materials
Space Situational Awareness (SSA)
Information delivery regarding the space environment, particularly hazards to both in-orbit and ground infrastructure
Debris Mitigation
Solutions to mitigate debris from the mass of defunct, artificially created objects in space, including old satellites and spent rocket stages, as well as the fragments from their disintegration and collisions
On-Orbit Servicing
Spacecraft refueling and repairs
Habitats
Design, construction, and operations of facilities intended to support life for short and long-term periods
Spacesuits
Design and/or manufacture of suits designed for both Inter-Vehicular Activities and Extra-Vehicular Activities (IVA and EVA)
Spaceflight Training
Training conducted terrestrially, but designed to prepare participants for in-space travel and living
Landers & Rovers
Robotics developed for use on other celestial bodies
Deep Space Satellites
Comms, PNT, and Remote Sensing satellites designed for missions beyond Earth orbit
Deep Space Communications
Comms across deep-space networks, or point-to-point comms between two in-space spacecraft; includes internet access for viewership in-space
Deep Space Position, Navigation, & Timing
Relative and proximity navigation, onboard auto navigation and maneuver, timekeeping and time distribution
The emerging segments within the Space economy include:
Industrials
Small Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of up to 2,000 kg; includes suborbital and near-space vehicles; includes entry and landing systems
Medium Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 2,000 _ 20,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 20,000 _ 50,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Super Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 50,000 kg and above; includes entry and landing systems
Brokerage
Access to launches based on the manifests of multiple providers; may also assist with regulatory adherence and payload integration
Spaceport Operations
Launch infrastructure and logistics
Earth Observation
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is remote sensing; includes data, analytics, and software products
Communications
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is communication; includes data, analytics, and software products
Position, Navigation, & Timing (PNT)
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is PNT; includes data, analytics, and software products
Manufacturing & Components
Design and/or manufacture of satellite(s) and/or components, including operating software
Operations & Ground Segments
Third party operators of satellite(s); ground operations (gateways and terminals) that receive signals from satellite(s)
Scientific Research & Platforms
Microgravity research, science instruments, observatories, in-situ instruments and sensors; computation and modelling
Culture & Design
Consumer products for the promotion of space
Early Development & Training
Educational programs using space hardware and/or data
Energy Generation, Distribution, & Storage
Energy with in-space applications. Storage and transfer, at an industrial level, in any medium
Extractives
Prospecting and mining of resources in space, including the surfaces of asteroids
Manufacturing, Construction, & Maintenance
In-space manufacturing and construction, using resources sourced terrestrially or in space. Includes collection, processing, and reuse or disposal of waste materials
Space Situational Awareness (SSA)
Information delivery regarding the space environment, particularly hazards to both in-orbit and ground infrastructure
Debris Mitigation
Solutions to mitigate debris from the mass of defunct, artificially created objects in space, including old satellites and spent rocket stages, as well as the fragments from their disintegration and collisions
On-Orbit Servicing
Spacecraft refueling and repairs
Habitats
Design, construction, and operations of facilities intended to support life for short and long-term periods
Spacesuits
Design and/or manufacture of suits designed for both Inter-Vehicular Activities and Extra-Vehicular Activities (IVA and EVA)
Spaceflight Training
Training conducted terrestrially, but designed to prepare participants for in-space travel and living
Landers & Rovers
Robotics developed for use on other celestial bodies
Deep Space Satellites
Comms, PNT, and Remote Sensing satellites designed for missions beyond Earth orbit
Deep Space Communications
Comms across deep-space networks, or point-to-point comms between two in-space spacecraft; includes internet access for viewership in-space
Deep Space Position, Navigation, & Timing
Relative and proximity navigation, onboard auto navigation and maneuver, timekeeping and time distribution
Logistics
Small Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of up to 2,000 kg; includes suborbital and near-space vehicles; includes entry and landing systems
Medium Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 2,000 _ 20,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 20,000 _ 50,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Super Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 50,000 kg and above; includes entry and landing systems
Brokerage
Access to launches based on the manifests of multiple providers; may also assist with regulatory adherence and payload integration
Spaceport Operations
Launch infrastructure and logistics
Earth Observation
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is remote sensing; includes data, analytics, and software products
Communications
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is communication; includes data, analytics, and software products
Position, Navigation, & Timing (PNT)
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is PNT; includes data, analytics, and software products
Manufacturing & Components
Design and/or manufacture of satellite(s) and/or components, including operating software
Operations & Ground Segments
Third party operators of satellite(s); ground operations (gateways and terminals) that receive signals from satellite(s)
Scientific Research & Platforms
Microgravity research, science instruments, observatories, in-situ instruments and sensors; computation and modelling
Culture & Design
Consumer products for the promotion of space
Early Development & Training
Educational programs using space hardware and/or data
Energy Generation, Distribution, & Storage
Energy with in-space applications. Storage and transfer, at an industrial level, in any medium
Extractives
Prospecting and mining of resources in space, including the surfaces of asteroids
Manufacturing, Construction, & Maintenance
In-space manufacturing and construction, using resources sourced terrestrially or in space. Includes collection, processing, and reuse or disposal of waste materials
Space Situational Awareness (SSA)
Information delivery regarding the space environment, particularly hazards to both in-orbit and ground infrastructure
Debris Mitigation
Solutions to mitigate debris from the mass of defunct, artificially created objects in space, including old satellites and spent rocket stages, as well as the fragments from their disintegration and collisions
On-Orbit Servicing
Spacecraft refueling and repairs
Habitats
Design, construction, and operations of facilities intended to support life for short and long-term periods
Spacesuits
Design and/or manufacture of suits designed for both Inter-Vehicular Activities and Extra-Vehicular Activities (IVA and EVA)
Spaceflight Training
Training conducted terrestrially, but designed to prepare participants for in-space travel and living
Landers & Rovers
Robotics developed for use on other celestial bodies
Deep Space Satellites
Comms, PNT, and Remote Sensing satellites designed for missions beyond Earth orbit
Deep Space Communications
Comms across deep-space networks, or point-to-point comms between two in-space spacecraft; includes internet access for viewership in-space
Deep Space Position, Navigation, & Timing
Relative and proximity navigation, onboard auto navigation and maneuver, timekeeping and time distribution
Biospheres
Small Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of up to 2,000 kg; includes suborbital and near-space vehicles; includes entry and landing systems
Medium Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 2,000 _ 20,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 20,000 _ 50,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Super Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 50,000 kg and above; includes entry and landing systems
Brokerage
Access to launches based on the manifests of multiple providers; may also assist with regulatory adherence and payload integration
Spaceport Operations
Launch infrastructure and logistics
Earth Observation
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is remote sensing; includes data, analytics, and software products
Communications
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is communication; includes data, analytics, and software products
Position, Navigation, & Timing (PNT)
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is PNT; includes data, analytics, and software products
Manufacturing & Components
Design and/or manufacture of satellite(s) and/or components, including operating software
Operations & Ground Segments
Third party operators of satellite(s); ground operations (gateways and terminals) that receive signals from satellite(s)
Scientific Research & Platforms
Microgravity research, science instruments, observatories, in-situ instruments and sensors; computation and modelling
Culture & Design
Consumer products for the promotion of space
Early Development & Training
Educational programs using space hardware and/or data
Energy Generation, Distribution, & Storage
Energy with in-space applications. Storage and transfer, at an industrial level, in any medium
Extractives
Prospecting and mining of resources in space, including the surfaces of asteroids
Manufacturing, Construction, & Maintenance
In-space manufacturing and construction, using resources sourced terrestrially or in space. Includes collection, processing, and reuse or disposal of waste materials
Space Situational Awareness (SSA)
Information delivery regarding the space environment, particularly hazards to both in-orbit and ground infrastructure
Debris Mitigation
Solutions to mitigate debris from the mass of defunct, artificially created objects in space, including old satellites and spent rocket stages, as well as the fragments from their disintegration and collisions
On-Orbit Servicing
Spacecraft refueling and repairs
Habitats
Design, construction, and operations of facilities intended to support life for short and long-term periods
Spacesuits
Design and/or manufacture of suits designed for both Inter-Vehicular Activities and Extra-Vehicular Activities (IVA and EVA)
Spaceflight Training
Training conducted terrestrially, but designed to prepare participants for in-space travel and living
Landers & Rovers
Robotics developed for use on other celestial bodies
Deep Space Satellites
Comms, PNT, and Remote Sensing satellites designed for missions beyond Earth orbit
Deep Space Communications
Comms across deep-space networks, or point-to-point comms between two in-space spacecraft; includes internet access for viewership in-space
Deep Space Position, Navigation, & Timing
Relative and proximity navigation, onboard auto navigation and maneuver, timekeeping and time distribution
Interplanetary
Small Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of up to 2,000 kg; includes suborbital and near-space vehicles; includes entry and landing systems
Medium Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 2,000 _ 20,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 20,000 _ 50,000 kg; includes entry and landing systems
Super Heavy Payload
Propulsion systems and materials for payloads of 50,000 kg and above; includes entry and landing systems
Brokerage
Access to launches based on the manifests of multiple providers; may also assist with regulatory adherence and payload integration
Spaceport Operations
Launch infrastructure and logistics
Earth Observation
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is remote sensing; includes data, analytics, and software products
Communications
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is communication; includes data, analytics, and software products
Position, Navigation, & Timing (PNT)
Manufacture and/or operations of satellite(s) whose primary focus is PNT; includes data, analytics, and software products
Manufacturing & Components
Design and/or manufacture of satellite(s) and/or components, including operating software
Operations & Ground Segments
Third party operators of satellite(s); ground operations (gateways and terminals) that receive signals from satellite(s)
Scientific Research & Platforms
Microgravity research, science instruments, observatories, in-situ instruments and sensors; computation and modelling
Culture & Design
Consumer products for the promotion of space
Early Development & Training
Educational programs using space hardware and/or data
Energy Generation, Distribution, & Storage
Energy with in-space applications. Storage and transfer, at an industrial level, in any medium
Extractives
Prospecting and mining of resources in space, including the surfaces of asteroids
Manufacturing, Construction, & Maintenance
In-space manufacturing and construction, using resources sourced terrestrially or in space. Includes collection, processing, and reuse or disposal of waste materials
Space Situational Awareness (SSA)
Information delivery regarding the space environment, particularly hazards to both in-orbit and ground infrastructure
Debris Mitigation
Solutions to mitigate debris from the mass of defunct, artificially created objects in space, including old satellites and spent rocket stages, as well as the fragments from their disintegration and collisions
On-Orbit Servicing
Spacecraft refueling and repairs
Habitats
Design, construction, and operations of facilities intended to support life for short and long-term periods
Spacesuits
Design and/or manufacture of suits designed for both Inter-Vehicular Activities and Extra-Vehicular Activities (IVA and EVA)
Spaceflight Training
Training conducted terrestrially, but designed to prepare participants for in-space travel and living
Landers & Rovers
Robotics developed for use on other celestial bodies
Deep Space Satellites
Comms, PNT, and Remote Sensing satellites designed for missions beyond Earth orbit
Deep Space Communications
Comms across deep-space networks, or point-to-point comms between two in-space spacecraft; includes internet access for viewership in-space
Deep Space Position, Navigation, & Timing
Relative and proximity navigation, onboard auto navigation and maneuver, timekeeping and time distribution
SOURCE: U.S. Government Support of the Entrepreneurial Space Age, NASA, 2019
Space Talent categories companies using their sector segmentation.